The Future of Consciousness | Bernardo Kastrup: Why Reality Is Mental
Bernardo Kastrup, the philosopher and computer scientist who has developed the position he calls analytic idealism, gives a talk in Pinchbeck’s series. He begins with the metaphysics he rejects: physicalism, on which only unconscious, purely quantitative matter exists and all qualities are manufactured inside the skull. Against it he sets the hard problem of consciousness, the 2022 Nobel-recognized experimental work indicating that physical properties are not definite prior to measurement, and cases where brain activity falls while experience becomes richer, as under psychedelics, breathwork and cardiac arrest. He traces objective idealism from the Indus Valley through Schopenhauer’s 1818 formulation, distinguishing it from Berkeley’s subjective version. The closing section develops dissociation and emotionally bound complexes, which Kastrup speculates could persist past a dissociative boundary and be captured by a later one. Pinchbeck notes points of disagreement between them.